SignedPolicy is a module that limits the user's privileges and time. For example, operators can distribute RTMP URLs that can be accessed for 60 seconds to authorized users, and limit RTMP transmission to 1 hour. The provided URL will be destroyed after 60 seconds, and transmission will automatically stop after 1 hour. Users who are provided with a SignedPolicy URL cannot access resources other than the provided URL. This is because the SignedPolicy URL is authenticated.
SignedPolicy URL consists of the query string of the streaming URL with Policy and Signature as shown below. If SignedPolicy is enabled in the configuration of OvenMediaEngine, access to URLs with no signature or invalid signature is not allowed. Signature uses HMAC-SHA1 to authenticate all URLs except signature.
Policy is in json format and provides the following properties.
url_expire
(Required)
<Number> Milliseconds since unix epoch
The time the URL expires Reject on request after the expiration
url_activate
(Optional)
<Number> Milliseconds since unix epoch
The time the URL activates Reject on request before activation
stream_expire
(Optional)
<Number> Milliseconds since unix epoch
The time the Stream expires Transmission and playback stop when the time expires
allow_ip
(Optional)
<String> IPv4 CIDR
Allowed IP Address Range
Check the IP address of the client connected to the server
real_ip (Optional)
<String> IPv4 CIDR
Allowed IP Address Range
Check the IP address of the client forwarded by the proxy server
url_expire means the time the URL is valid, so if you connect before the URL expires, you can continue to use it, and sessions that have already been connected will not be deleted even if the time expires. However, stream_expire forcibly terminates the session when the time expires even if it is already playing.
If real_ip is in the policy, OME searches for and checks the values in the following order.
The value of the X-REAL-IP header
The value of the first item of X-FORWARDED-FOR
The IP of the client that actually connected
Signature is generated by HMAC-SHA1 encoding all URLs except signature query string. The generated Signature is encoded using Base64URL and included as a query string of the existing URL.
The URL entered into HMAC to generate the Signature must include :port.
When creating a signature, you cannot omit the default port such as http port 80, https port 443, or rtmp port 1935. This is because when OvenMediaEngine creates a signature for checking the signature, it is created by putting the port value.
When using SignedPolicy with SRT providers, only use the streamid portion of the URL, e.g. srt://myserver:9999?streamid=srt://myserver:9999/app/stream?policy=abc123
To enable SignedPolicy, you need to add the following <SignedPolicy> setting in Server.xml under <VirtualHost>.
PolicyQueryKeyName
The query string key name in the URL pointing to the policy value
SignatureQueryKeyName
The query string key name in the URL pointing to the signature value
SecretKey
The secret key used when encoding with HMAC-SHA1
Enables
List of providers and publishers to enable SignedPolicy. Currently, SignedPolicy supports rtmp among providers, and among publishers, WebRTC, LLHLS, Thumbnail are supported.
We provide a script that can easily generate SignedPolicy URL. The script can be found in the path below.
Here's how to use this script:
For example, you can use it like this:
We hope to provide SignedPolicy URL Generator Library in various languages. If you have created the SignedPolicy URL Generator Library in another language, please send a Pull Request to our GITHUB. Thank you for your open source contributions.
In order to include the policy in the URL, it must be encoded with Base64URL.
Policy encoded with Base64URL is added as a query string to the existing streaming URL. (The query string key is set in Server.xml.)
Signature hashes the entire URL including the policy in HMAC (SHA-1) method, encodes it as Base64URL, and includes it in the query string.
Create a hash using the secret key (1kU^b6 in the example) and the URL above using HMAC-SHA1.
If you include it as a signature query string (query string key is set in Server.xml), the following SignedPolicy URL is finally generated.
Generate SignedPolicy URL with the script.
Separate the URL based on "app" as shown in the example below and enter all the parts under the stream in the Stream Key.
AdmissionWebhooks are HTTP callbacks that query the control server to control publishing and playback admission requests.
Users can use the AdmissionWebhook for a variety of purposes, including customer authentication, tracking published streams, hide app/stream names, logging and more.
AdmissionWebhooks can be set up on VirtualHost, as shown below.
ControlServerUrl
The HTTP Server to receive the query. HTTP and HTTPS are available.
SecretKey
The secret key used when encrypting with HMAC-SHA1
Timeout
Time to wait for a response after request (in milliseconds)
Enables
Enable Providers and Publishers to use AdmissionWebhooks
AdmissionWebhooks send HTTP/1.1 request message to the configured user's control server when an encoder requests publishing or a player requests playback. The request message format is as follows.
The message is sent in POST method and the payload is in application/json format. X-OME-Signature is a base64 url safe encoded value obtained by encrypting the payload with HMAC-SHA1 so that the ControlServer can validate this message. See the Security section for more information on X-OME-Signature.
Here is a detailed explanation of each element of Json payload:
client
Information of the client who requested the connection.
address
IP address of the client connected to the server
port
Port number of the client connected to the server
real_ip
IP address of the client forwarded by the proxy server
user_agent (optional)
Client's User_Agent
request
Information about the client's request
direction
incoming : A client requests to publish a stream
outgoing : A client requests to play a stream
protocol
webrtc, srt, rtmp, llhls, thumbnail
status
opening : A client requests to open a stream
closing : A client closed the stream
url
url requested by the client
new_url (optional)
url redirected from user's control server (status "closing" only)
time
time requested by the client (ISO8601 format)
OME searches for and sets the values in real_ip in the following order:
The value of the X-REAL-IP header
The value of the first item of X-FORWARDED-FOR
The IP of the client that is actually connected
The control server may need to validate incoming http requests for security reasons. To do this, the AdmissionWebhooks module puts the X-OME-Signature value in the HTTP request header. X-OME-Signature is a base64 url safe encoded value obtained by encrypting the payload of an HTTP request with the HMAC-SHA1 algorithm using the secret key set in <AdmissionWebhooks><SecretKey> of the configuration.
As shown below, the trigger condition of request is different for each protocol.
WebRTC
When a client requests Offer SDP
RTMP
When a client sends a publish message
SRT
LLHLS
When a client requests a playlist (llhls.m3u8)
The engine in the closing state does not need any parameter in response. To the query just answer with empty json object.
ControlServer must respond with the following Json format. In particular, the "allowed" element is required.
allowed (required)
true or false
Allows or rejects the client's request.
new_url (optional)
Redirects the client to a new url. However, the scheme, port, and file cannot be different from the request. Only host, app, and stream can be changed. The host can only be changed to another virtual host on the same server.
lifetime (optional)
The amount of time (in milliseconds) that a client can maintain a connection (Publishing or Playback)
0 means infinity
HTTP based streaming (HLS) does not keep a connection, so this value does not apply.
reason (optional)
If allowed is false, it will be output to the log.
new_url redirects the original request to another app/stream. This can be used to hide the actual app/stream name from the user or to authenticate the user by inserting additional information instead of the app/stream name.
For example, you can issue a WebRTC streaming URL by inserting the user ID as follows: ws://domain.com:3333/user_id It will be more effective if you issue a URl with the encrypted value that contains the user ID, url expiration time, and other information.
After the Control Server checks whether the user is authorized to play using user_id, and responds with ws://domain.com:3333/app/sport-3 to new_url, the user can play app/sport-3.
If the user has only one hour of playback rights, the Control Server responds by putting 3600000 in the lifetime.
For more information, see .
When a client send a
